You can use less salt if you use less water. I only add enough salt so that the water tastes as salty as broth.
Also pasta cooks just fine in a shallow pan of boiling water, you only need enough water to cover the top of the amount of pasta your cooking. Remember to stir it a few times though, or it clumps up.
(This is the best way to cook pasta if you are poor and live in a damp/poorly ventelated building. Boiling litres of water per serving is inefficient and expensive, and it makes your kitchen mouldy.)
This is the best way of getting sauces to stick as well. The concentrated pasta water left over at the end is great for making mac and cheese for example. Much better than a few teaspoons of pasta water from a large pot as is usually recommended.
Yup. I grab my salt can and do about two sprinkle passes and it seems to turn out pretty good. It's probably around a teaspoon (maybe more) per bag of pasta.
Oh, and use a bit of that pasta water in the sauce, that helps.
You just aren't putting enough salt in? Literally made pasta two days ago and upon eating my first thought was "damn I almost oversalted the pasta water" because the noodles were in fact, salty
Yup. Don't oversalt, but certainly add a healthy amount to the water. Some of that salt gets absorbed into the pasta, which gives it a richer flavor.
I personally bring the water to a boil, add pasta, and then add salt (to keep temps as high as possible), but I highly doubt the order here matters at all.
Yeah the only rule I know is don't add the salt to a cold pan with cold water as heating it up may cause it to damage the bottom of your pan. But adding salt at any point while the water is hot and you aren't done cooking the pasta is pretty safe.