Is it actually information? I can give you the number two, but it's not useful information until I also tell you which digit is significant and what the number means. Communicating information is still limited by the speed of light.
From one of my favorite college professors: apparently in the Chevy Chase days of Saturday Night Live he would do the Weekend Update and had a recurring bit that went like this.
And now it's time for the basketball scores. 98-82; 102-99; 95-76.
That's data. Without context there's no useful information.
Situationally, yes. "I want the next digit of pi" is information in that sense of the word. It's not a particularly useful piece of information unless you're building something that requires a circle with a circumferential precision larger than the width of our entire universe.
I can give you √2 which is 16-bits of information as characters. It's also an irrational number. How you express something doesn't change the amount of information is contained in the message.
True although I would like to note that the digits of Pi are the heart of r-n jesus and the number line just does boring stuff like steadily increasing forever.
Irrational number do not "create" information, they simply contain every possible combination of digits. Given enought time you could find any pattern you wanted that represents some "information", you could also find an infinite amount of patterns that represent false "information". You cannot pick out a set of digits of pi and use that to learn something other than that set of digits.
As far as I see through context in science, anything is information. Matter. Energy. Numbers. Words. So an infinite number has to have infinite information, yeah?
No. sqrt(2) is an irrational number characterized as the positive solution to x^2 - 2 = 0. It's described by a very small amount of data. Even its decimal expansion can be determined up to any precision by a simple algorithm.
Nah I replied to someone else with a similar thought. The Notorious Fibs sure I agree with you they are new information, similar to the primes but just adding +1 over an over again or even some repeating pattern doesn't add new information beyond the initial pattern.